Document discovery in the program is produced by command Open to (Open).

1. Select this command from menu File (File), its keyboard abbreviation — +<0>. There will be standard system dialog box Open to (Open) (fig. 1.9). The Same dialog box opens at mouse left click in any place of a primary window of the program, free from palettes and other windows.

2. Now it is necessary to find a file with which we are going to work. For this purpose it is necessary to specify a way to it. From uncovered list Look in (Way) select a disk And.

Fig. 1.9. Dialog box Open

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Near to titles of commands in menu Photoshop their keyboard equivalents are specified. Pay to them attention and try to remember. Keypad application essentially accelerates operation with the program. Most often used keyboard equivalents will be specified at performance of educational exercises.

3. Uncovered list Files of type (Type of files) contains formats of files which can be opened in the program. Those files, which format it is active in the list, are visible in the field of review. Select from the list a line JPEG (*. jpg). Now in a window files only this format are shown. If in the list the line All Files is installed, all files of the active folder are visible.

4. In the field of review select a file Pyramid.jpg. In the lower part of a window there was a miniature of the image which are in a file. Under it, in the field File Size (File size) is specified file size in kilobytes.

5. Push button Open to (Open). Before you — a document window (fig. 1.10). In it the image stored in a file is presented. In window title there is a document title, its format, review scale on the screen, here can be resulted and the additional data about the image.

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Before the beginning of operation with the documents applied on the book on the Diskette, Copy them in a working folder on a hard disk, and it is more with this a diskette do not work. It becomes a backup copy. If for any reason the educational file is spoiled, you can always recover it from a diskette.

Fig. 1.10. The Document window


Fig. 1.11. Palette History after document discovery

With the image it is possible to make any actions provided by the program. Each action registers in the special protocol — palette History (Protocol). You have possibility to cancel not only last of perfect actions, but also their sequence. It is very important both at performance of educational exercises, and in real operation

1. Open palette History (Protocol). In it the miniature of the document at the moment of discovery is shown and there is a unique record — Open (fig. 1.11). It means that the document has been opened, and it is more with it than any actions was not produced.

2. Select tool Smudge (Finger). In panels Options (Parameters) there will be its setting. It is one of paint tools which operate on points of the image round the cursor. The result of operation of the given tool is similar to dab a finger on the damp color.

3. Place the tool cursor on the image and at a mouse pushed button drag it. Then release the mouse button. The image changed (fig. 1.12,). Look at the protocol — in it there was a new record — Smudge Tool, illustrated by a tool tag;

4. Again lead the tool under the image, размазай other section. The protocol received one more record similar former (fig. 1.12,).

5. Select tool Crop (Cropping). It is intended for image framing.

7. Place the cursor on the image. Push the mouse button and drag the cursor on a diagonal, creating the cropping frame. Release the mouse button (fig. 1.13,). Now it is possible to drift or change the created frame its size, using pointing devices. It will be a question of transformation of images in chapter 3 in more details.

8. Make double click in the frame. The image is cut off on the specified boundary, areas behind its limits ceased to exist. In the protocol there was one more record (Crop) and near to it — a tool tag (fig. 1.13,).

9. Push a slider in the left part of the last line of the protocol and drag it upwards on single line. You cancelled a framing command. Dragging a slider still above on some actions, you cancel all of them (fig. 1.14).

10. The cancelled commands do not disappear from the protocol, it is possible to return them again. For this purpose drag a slider for the cancelled lines, and appropriate commands again will be fulfilled. By default in the protocol it is saved twenty last commands.

The come into fortune of the document can be saved time of a current session with the program. Thus changes are not imported to the real document on a disk. Such method of temporal saving developers name snapshot or, in Russian, a picture. Pictures (and them can be much) too are stored in the protocol. The program automatically creates the first picture at document discovery, and it appears at the top of a palette

1. Return all cancelled actions.

2. Click in a picture. The document comes to a state at the moment of discovery (fig. 1.15).

3. Again return in the protocol all actions. Select from the menu command New Snapshot (to Create a new picture) or click on the button of creation of a picture in the bottom of a palette (fig. 1.16). Under the first picture there will be the second (fig. 1.17).

4. Pass again to a state of the image at the moment of file discovery. Select tool Crop (Cropping) and frame the image somehow. In the protocol there will be changes: the cancelled actions will be remote, instead of them there will be a new command of framing.

5. Now you cannot return the cancelled actions, they are not present in the protocol more. But there was a picture! Click on it, and before you the saved variant of editing opens.

6. To delete the selected picture or unnecessary commands it is possible click on the button of removal in the bottom of a palette or command Delete to (Delete) its menu. After that there will be a request about action acknowledgement. To delete pictures or commands without acknowledgement, select their line and drag them on the removal button.

As it was already marked, by default in palette History (Protocol) twenty last commands are saved. The more commands it is stored in the protocol, the it is more than place in storage leaves on its storage. Usage of pictures allows to bypass this problem. Simply on termination of each stage of editing of the image it is possible to make a picture. Completely to clear a palette of annals of your actions, select from the menu of a palette command Clear History (to Delete the protocol). Pay attention that thus, unlike operations of removal, a canceling of commands does not happen. The image state remains at level last of the operating (not cancelled) commands, all the line long in a palette disappear, and the current state of a file becomes initial.

Thus, protocol usage allows to cancel and return commands, and also quickly to create some variants of editing.

In an operating time it is necessary to save periodically changes, differently failure in the program or supply switch-off leads to loss of results of editing. Menu commands File (File) are intended for saving of documents: Save to (Save) and Save As (to Save as).

The first command has keyboard abbreviation Ctrl + S. At its performance the new state of the image will be saved instead of the initial. The initial state after that does not exist any more. Here danger of an error is covered, after all last modification can appear undesirable. If after saving you did not close the document it is possible to return to the previous states by means of the protocol. If the document has been closed after saving, the error becomes irreparable.

For reliability it is recommended to create backup copies of files periodically. For saving of a current state of the document under other name command Save As (to Save as), keyboard abbreviation Ctrl + Alt + S serves. We get acquainted with operation of this command:

1. Select command Save As (to Save as) menu File (File). Before you a system dialog box with the same title (fig. 1.18).

2. In the list of formats of the document the current format of a file or own format Photoshop — PSD normally is underlined. In this case it is not necessary to change a format.

3. Select the necessary folder for document storage. In the field File name (a file Name) set a new name for a created copy. Then push button Save to (Save).

At saving in any format except PSD the program shows an additional window with saving parameters. The type of this window is distinguished for different formats of files.

Fig. 1.18. The Dialog box of saving of files

Command Close to (Close) closes a working file. If you imported editing and after that did not save it Photoshop asks you to confirm actions (fig. 1.19) to the image. Click on button OK closes a file without modification, button Save to (Save) saves a file before closing, button Cancel (Cancelling) cancels a command of closing of a file. If the file has been saved after last modification, the additional request will not be.

Program closing is produced by command Exit (Output) of menu File (File) (keyboard abbreviation of a command +). If at closing Photoshop finds out not saved files, it produces requests about saving of each of them.