The tool of color correction Hue/Saturation (Tone/saturation) gives magnificent possibilities for correction of colors on the image. He allows to regulate not only the general tone, brightness and a saturation, but also to control color intervals, for example, to influence only on red tone.

1. Open a file Pizza.jpg from the worker of a diskette (fig. 8.32). The pizza in this photo looks not too appetizing. Put, of course, in strongly broken color rendition.

2. Try to use tools Color Balance (Color balance) or Variations (Variants) to make a pizza more appetizing". Tried? For certain it did not turn out, because in this image there are no the color balance violations, simply some colors are changed, while remaining in the full order.

3. Select command Hue/Saturation (Tone/saturation) I will change Adjust (Correction) of menu Image (Image).

In the opened dialog box (fig. 8.33) there are three slider which associate with color model HSB (Hue/Saturation/Brightnes's). They allow to vary the general tone of the image, saturation of colors and total brightness. As it was already marked, the given color system is closest to traditional characteristics of colors (more brightly, is more light, is warmer) that does this dialog box intuitively clear.

In the lower part of a dialog box two iridescent bands representing all colors as they follow in sequence on a color circle are allocated. The upper band shows colors of the image before correction, and lower — after. Try to move slider and watch, as the lower band changes.

4. At relocation of slider Hue (Tone) the lower band moves. The value of shift expressed in degrees (an angle of rotation of a color circle), is specified in the field of input near to a slider.

5. Comparing of bands provides guidance on volume as each color changed. Select any color on the upper band and look that is on the lower band precisely under the selected. The selected color turned to it at offset of tones.

6. Move slider Saturation (Saturation). Saturation of colors on the lower band changes from very bright in the right position of a slider, to is indiscernible gray in the extreme left. And again you can tell, how colors interesting you changed, comparing the upper and lower bands.

7. Offset of slider Lightness (Brightness) influences brightness of colors. The type of the lower band changes from black in the left position of a slider to white in extreme the right

8. Now, when you "experienced" the tool, it is time to them to use. To begin with return all slider in home position. Most easier to click on button Reset to (Recover), which appears at pushed ALT key.

9. Experimenting slider Hue (Tone), you, probably, already noted that position at which color of the test of a pizza becomes more natural. Move a slider to the left to displacement angle 27 °.

10. To make dough посвежее, increase saturation of the image to +30, drifting to the right slider Saturation (Saturation).

11. Separately it is necessary to tinker with tomatoes of this pizza. It is necessary to change selectively their color, without affecting thus already fitted color of the test. From list Edit (Editing) select variant Reds (Red) (fig. 8.34).

Pay attention to appearance of four slider on the upper color band. They allow to isolate any section of a color circle and to work only with it, without affecting remaining colors of the image. In this case slider restrict red tone of a color circle. Power of tool Hue/Saturation (Tone/saturation) consists that at a choice of an interval of colors for correction you are not restricted by those six variants which are enumerated in list Edit dialog box (Editing), and can define to six ranges of color by means of slider on a color band.

12. Move the mouse all group of slider, capturing it for the dark gray rectangle which is at center. As you can see, any section of a color circle is accessible to correction.

13. The interval of colors for correction can be selected and it is immediate on the image. Push the button with a pipette tag in dialog box Hue/Saturation (Tone/saturation).

14. Place the cursor in a document window. It becomes a pipette. Click the mouse on one of pizza tomatoes. Slider on the upper color band occupy the position corresponding to specified color (fig. 8.34).

The selected color range is restricted by two engines that the boundary of changes did not transit on any strictly certain color. The analogy to the shading used for the same purpose at selection of areas Here arises. All пикселы the images which color gets to a range restricted to internal slider, are accessible to correction. Пикселы, having colors in a range between internal and exterior slider, are selected for editing partially. It prevents appearance of sharp color contrasts on the image.

15. Move up exterior slider closely to internal (fig. 8.35). It you set sharp boundary of a choice of colors for correction.

16. Move slider Hue (Tone) to position +100. Be not frightened result, simply pay attention to color sharp transitions.

17. Remove exterior slider on the upper color band from internal on former distance. Passage of colors to the image became smoother.

18. Drift slider Hue (Tone) in position +30.

19. Finish a saturation to +40 by means of slider Saturation (Saturation). Such pizza looks already considerably more appetizing.

20. It is necessary to eliminate a reddish shade of the test. For this purpose we need to modify yellow tone. Select variant Yellows (Yellow) from uncovered list Edit (Editing) and drift slider Hue (Tone) in position +10.

21. If you love a pizza more sharply, increase a saturation. Push the button APPRX. the Pizza it is ready!

Tool Selective Color (Selective color) helps you to present better operation of the printer controlling offset machine. He allows to add or remove any of four colors of model CMYK from the image. And, unlike the printer, you have possibility of selective correction of any of basic colors of models RGB, CMYK, and three pitch intervals: светов, average tones and shades.

1. Pass to the document Pizza.jpg before color correction.

2. Select command Selective Color (Selective color) submenu Adjust (Correction) of menu Image (Image). Before you the dialog box with the same name (fig. 8.36)

3. From list Colors (Colour) select variant Whites (White). In светах images should not be yellow color, therefore move slider Yellow (Yellow) to the left.

4. In the field of a pizza crust (yellow tone) there is a shade of the blue. Install point Yellows (Yellow) in list Colors (Colour). Drift a slider yellow to the right, and a slider blue — to the left that areas yellow on the image became brighter and warm.

5. By means of this tool you can even clarify or black out certain color or pitch intervals in the image. Tomatoes, despite dark, dirty color, nevertheless have red tone. Select from list Colors (Colour) variant Reds (Red).

6. Deliver slider Black (Black) in position-16. Areas of the red and brown became more light. Add red and yellow that tomatoes received more intensive painting. After correction push the button APPRX.

Working methods with tones and color balance the images described in the previous sections, concern the classical. However, as you had time to note, at serious adjustments of tone inevitably there are color aberrations. So, not all channels have equally a great number of shades. At contrast substantial increase there can be local color stains. At the strong magnification of image brightness of color become unnatural, "ацидными". At correction of a pitch range suddenly there is an outside color. And so practically with all receptions of correction.

All images considered in the previous sections, it would be quite possible to edit in model Lab. However most an impressive example is correction of images of people, animal, greens and so forth In these cases distortion, and especially appearance of outside color is inadmissible. The skin of the person has very few possible shades, and at its correction in RGB defects arise often enough. At first, colors "leave" in red or yellow area, and secondly, at a stretching of a range of shades (and it for a skin is very small) there can be the local stains transforming a photo in the poster. We give an example usages of model Lab for correction of the "flasque" image with which RGB simply does not consult.

1. Open a file Woman.jpg with applied diskettes. This photo needs contrast magnification (fig. 8.37).

2. Open the image histogram. Its pitch range is very narrow (fig. 8.37). Than it threatens? At attempt of editing of a pitch interval (for example, in window Levels (Levels)) this small amount of levels will be expanded on all range. With it it is possible to reconcile. However at such process all color channels are expanded. And so sparse color hues at all disappear and there is an image consisting of bright color stains. Fulfill correction of brightness levels, and you are convinced of it.

4. In model Lab for brightness there is a separate channel! Translate the image in this model. Open dialog box Levels (Levels). The brightness channel is active just. Adjust position of white and black slider, expanding thereby a pitch range of the image. I warrant, the result surprises you. Visibility increased, but colors did not suffer at all. And could not be differently! After all and and Ь we did not touch chromatic channels, the range of colors of the initial and modified image is identical.

5. Thus it is possible to fulfill any operations of pitch correction not worse, and sometimes and much better, than in RGB. Save the modified image in a working folder. It still is useful at chapter 12 learning.

Especially brightly advantages Lab are shown at correction of sharpness of the image and liquidation of noise. We consider these surprising possibilities in the following chapter.

Often in operation there is a need to try different methods of correction, to select the most suitable. It is provided with usage of adjusting layers (adjustment layers). The idea consists that on the image something is superimposed like a light filter changing its pitch and color parameters. At any moment it is possible to delete the filter or to change its parameters. If it is required to produce the difficult correction combining both acoustical, and color, this invention renders you invaluable service. When it is necessary to apply sequentially some tools of correction after influence of the first the source image (if, of course, not to save in pictures or separate files each stage) will be lost. Types of adjusting filters (layers) correspond to tools: Levels (Levels); Brightness/Contrast (Brightness/contrast), Hue/Saturation (Tone/saturation), and etc.

In operation possibility to superimpose Over the image any amount of layers of different types is widely used and to control each of them separately. Moreover, by means of an adjusting layer you can make current changes as to all underlaying layers, and only in one layer or only in its part.

Let's apply adjusting layers to exposure correction in the left upper part of the image Bmw.jpg.

In most cases broken brightness or pitch balance is in all image, but is swept on any section. If to give in to a burst and to modify "an incorrect" fragment, it will not coincide on brightness and color with remaining parts. A correction key rule — to correct color or tone it is necessary, first of all, on all image entirely.

1. Pitch correction of selective areas is useful in the presence of explicit defects, such as various illuminance of a photo, because of flashout and non-uniform lighting, a stain from inaccurate development, etc. Here we consider such case of correction. Open the document Bmw.jpg from your working folder. As you remember, it already transited the first stage of pitch correction, but its part has the underestimated exposure — at the upper right there is a flare. We correct this lack, using the partial pitch correction in layers.

2. Create selection in left upper to a photo corner (fig. 8.38). It is obvious that brightness of the selected section increases to the image left edge. Therefore for correction more difficult mask is required, than that which you just created, is necessary the smooth boundary of the selected area.

3. We create adjusting layer, and then we edit a mask. Click the mouse on an icon of a new adjusting layer in palette Layers (Layers) (fig. 8.39). Select from the opened list type corrections Levels (Levels).

4. Before you dialog box Levels (Levels). In it you will carry out correction but only after is final edit a mask. Without changing while anything in a dialog box, push the button APPRX.

In a palette of layers there will be a new layer with name Levels and with a tag in the circle type, which one half light, and another — dark. This tag allows to distinguish adjusting layer from normal, near to it the mask tag (fig. 8.40,) is allocated. To edit a mask of an adjusting layer manually it is possible the same as also a layer-mask. For this purpose it is necessary or to pass in palette Channels (Channels) where the mask is displayed in the form of alpha channel, and to activate it, or to use a palette of layers.

1. Address to palette Layers (Layers). Click on a mask tag at a pushed key. Now the mask is visible in the document (fig. 8.40,). That the mask was displayed in a superimposing mode, it is necessary to click at pushed ALT keys + Shift.

2. Load a mask in the form of the selected area. For this purpose click the mouse on a layer miniature at pushed CTRL key.

3. Tool Gradient (Gradient) create the linear gradient from black to the white. The gradient line is led from right to left on the selected area (fig. 8.41).

4. Cancel selection by command Deselect (to Cancel selection) menu Select (Selection).

5. Pass to document display by repeated click to a miniature of an adjusting layer at pushed ALT key.

6. Make double click on a correction tag in a line of an adjusting layer. It again opens dialog box Levels (Levels). Now it is possible to be engaged in immediately editing.

7. Move a slider of average tones to the right to value of gamma 0,5.

It is obvious that the led acoustical correction has not enough — the greens at the left have other shade, than on the right. To lead the second stage of correction, we use tool Hue/Saturation (Tone/saturation). But at first it is necessary to recover the selected area that at creation of a new adjusting layer it turned to a mask of an adjusting layer.

2. Create a new adjusting layer of type Hue/Saturation (Tone/saturation) (fig. 8.42).

3. In opened dialog box Hue/Saturation (Tone/saturation) pick up values Hue (Tone) and Saturation (Saturation) so that color and brightness of sections of greens did not differ also boundary of adjusted area was not noticeable. It approximately corresponds to values Hue = +25 and Saturation =-24.

4. Push the button APPRX.

If the reached result (fig. 8.43) seems to you not absolutely satisfactory, that, thanks to adjusting layers, you can easily adjust values of pitch and color correction. For this purpose it is enough to click twice on a name of an adjusting layer and in the opened dialog box to change the parameters installed earlier. The edit window opens also command Layer Content Options (Parameters of type of a layer) menu Layer (Layer).

If it seemed to you that it is better to use for correction by other method, the type of an adjusting layer is easy for changing.

1. Pass to layer Levels. Select command Change Layer Content (to Change layer contents) menu Layer (Layer). In a submenu set new type of correction — Curves (Curves). After that correction by levels will be cancelled and dialog box Curves (Curves) opens.

2. Edit the curve form so that brightness and contrast of area of the image it was aligned.

When you will be satisfied by correction, can fix results command Flatten Image (to Reduce layers) from the menu of a palette of layers. Thus all layers merge in one (background), saving results of last modifications.

The adjusting layer by default influences all underlaying layers of the image. However there are cases when correction needs to be applied only to one layer, and others to leave without change. We experiment on an example of document Relief.psd created in the previous heads.

1. Open the document. Pass to the uppermost layer. Create adjusting layer Hue/Saturation (Tone/saturation). Strongly increase image saturation in an adjusting layer that will be reflected in all layers.

2. Move adjusting layer downwards on a pile of layers. Note that it influences only those layers which are under it. High layers are not adjusted.

3. To apply correction only to one layer of the image (the machine on layer Car), create model group — the image layer, and the second layer — adjusting should be basic.

4. At last, it is possible to apply effect only to one dial-up of layers. Select dial-up Countries. Set for it mode Color (Colour), and for each layer of a dial-up — a normal mode of superimposing. As you can see, the superimposing mode can be installed at once for all layers of a dial-up. Place adjusting layer over image layers in dial-up Countries, setting thereby saturation gain only for layers of the given dial-up.

Thus, controlling adjusting layers, you can operate is is exceptional floppy on the image, apply to all layers the same correction or adjust them selectively.

• The image general view in the big level depends on equation of brightness and colors. It is reached by tools of the acoustical and color correction which wide spectrum is accessible in Photoshop.
• The pitch balance assumes allocation of points of the image on all interval of brightness, study of details on all sections of a range of brightness.
• Rough acoustical correction carry out the tool for brightness and picture contrast editing (Brightness/Contrast); more thin — tools for correction of allocation of brightness on three (Levels (Levels)) and more (Curves (Curves)) sections of an acoustical range.
• For achievement of adequate transmission of colors in the image color correction is required. For this purpose it is possible to apply tools Curves (Curves) and Levels (Levels) though easier to use specialized tools of color correction.
• For adjustment of balance of colors there is special tool Color Balance (Color balance).
• Color correction — challenging task, and for its simplification Photoshop offers a step by step method corrections Variations (Variants), allowing to foresee result of changes acoustical and color balance still before they are produced.
• Separate colors and pitch intervals of the image give in to color correction. Tools Hue/Saturation (Tone/saturation) and Selective Color (Selective color) are for this purpose used.
• The big freedom and dynamism in operation is provided with adjusting layers. They allow to apply sequentially various tools to change acoustical and color balance, without losing possibility always to supervise any of correction stages.
• Operations of pitch correction are often convenient for producing in color model Lab as in it brightness пикселов is separated from their color, and changes of tones do not affect in any way colors of the image.