For small sections it is expedient to use not sharpness and blur filters, and special tools. The group of correction of sharpness includes tools Sharpen (Sharpness), Blur (Blur), Smudge (Finger) (fig. 9.6).

1. Activate tool Sharpen (Sharpness), to it there corresponds a triangle tag. Install in palette Options (Parameters) for this tool value Pressure (Pressure) of equal 50 %. Select a paintbrush of the average size with soft edges.

2. Increase a fragment with a girl's face. Accurate small dabs strengthen sharpness of eyes, the lower part of a nose, a chin.

3. Test tool Blur (Blur). In a palette of properties set value Pressure (Pressure) of equal 100 %. Select the greatest paintbrush.

4. Increase a fragment of a distant wall (to the right of the man) and process its selected tool to lower sharpness of a background. Try different values of pressure and different paintbrushes. Save the document.

The very often scanned images contain mass of small errors which can be defined the words which have entitled the filter — Dust and Scratches (the Dust and scratches). The filter uses a removal principle пикселов which explicitly differ from adjacent, and their changeovers on пикселы suitable color. Certainly that the program cannot recognize, whether the detail is meaning or it is a scratch. Therefore as a result of filter action always decreases деталировка.

1. To begin with "we blow off a dust" from all image. Increase any of fragments (for example, a wall), and you see set of minor defects — hairs, motes, specks that gives to the image very unattractive type.

3. In the field Radius (Radius) install value 1 пиксел. Than radius more, especially large details are considered as errors and are averaged. It is sometimes better to leave a part of defects, but not to sacrifice flares and the necessary small dashes.

4. In the field Threshold (Threshold) install value 10 пикселов. The threshold defines minimum contrast which details that the program considered them as defects should possess.

5. Push the button APPRX. the Main errors are eliminated.

Filter Dust and Scratches (the Dust and scratches) consults and with more rough defects, truth thus the image loses sharpness. Increase the lower right corner of the image. We delete traces заломов on a photo (fig. 9.8,).

1. Select area of defects, thus the size of selection should be on 10-20 пикселов more than the damaged section. Fulfill shading on 10 пикселов.

2. Select filter Dust and Scratches (the Dust and scratches). Install radius 7 пикселов, and a threshold — 27 пикселов. Almost all defects disappeared (fig. 9.8,). Save the document in a working folder.

Filter Dust and Scratches (the Dust and scratches) — not a unique method of struggle against errors, sometimes meet such defects that it is necessary to think strongly as them to delete.

Sharing of channels Lab on brightness and chromatic often happens it is useful for improving of images. For an example we use not edited file Holiday.jpg. We look that it will be possible to "draw out" from the image if to use a little non-standard methods of correction.

Very important application field of model Lab — removal of noise and sharpness increase. In the given image the defects formed at saving of a file in format JPEG with high values of compression — "small squares" and a dirt on boundaries of circuits are well visible. On portraits such noise looks simply awfully. Look only at red stains on a man's face and развеселые iridescent freckles at the old woman. And meanwhile people on a portrait are not sick of any skin disease.

1. Translate the image in model Lab and consider contents of channels. A singularity of format JPEG that it produces manipulations with color and brightness пикселов separately. Thus the big losses at compression are undergone by color, brightness suffers much less. And it is valid, in channel L we have the decent black-and-white image. But in channels and and b almost to disassemble nothing because of awful noise.

2. As you can see, contrast in chromatic channels practically misses. And time so, at their washing out does not happen losses in details. Make active the channel and and open dialog box Gaussian Blur (Blur on the Gauss). Move a slider until boundaries of small squares do not smooth out. At us it happened at a level of blur 1,2. The Same do and with the second channel, b.

3. Look at the image. Isn't that so, surprisingly? All artifacts which so offended an eye disappeared. The main thing, do not uprate value of blur, differently colors of subjects are beyond circuits. Besides, blur of chromatic channels reduces saturation of colors of the image a little.

Other application of model Lab is sharpness gain. At increase of sharpness of RGB-images probably appearance of stains of outside colors and unjustified increase of color saturation. In model Lab you can strengthen sharpness only the brightness channel. Colors of the image do not change at action of unsharp masking.

1. We make experiment. Increase review scale so that on the screen the figure of the man on a background was visible.

2. Open dialog box Unsharp Mask (Planimetric sharpness) and try to find optimal values of parameters of gain of sharpness. You, unconditionally, can achieve some improving. However sharpness increase leads to unnaturally bright tones, without speaking about multi-colored specks on all person (and after all just of them got rid!).

3. Translate the image in model Lab and install active channel Lightness (Brightness). After that include visibility and the combined channel. Thus, working in the channel, you can trace changes of a general view of the image.

4. Again open dialog box Unsharp Mask (Planimetric sharpness) and pick up the necessary values. As you can see, sharpness growth does not lead to color shift. Achieved the necessary result, push the button APPRX.

5. Now it is possible to work over dust and scratches which remained in the brightness channel as all color noise are already remote. This operation also lead in channel L. Apply filter Dust and Scratches (the Dust and scratches) or Smart Blur (Clever blur) with small values of blur. The fragment in right lower to a corner should be edited separately.

Compare the images received by editing in models RGB and Lab. I warrant, you sweep a difference, and it will be not in favor of RGB. The further correction can be led any of tools for choice.

Frequently in the image there are superfluous details, or on the contrary, there are some fragments. A photo from which we work, — very good example of similar defects: its upper right corner is torn off, and it needs to be recovered. In left lower to a corner there is a date of a picture which should be removed.

Correction consists in changeover of a section of defect by samples of neighboring areas. This operation is the most rational for fulfilling, using special tool Rubber Stamp (Stamp).

1. Select tool Rubber Stamp (Stamp) on a palette of tools. The cursor at relocation under the image takes the form of a small stamp.

2. In a property bar remove flag Aligned (With alignment). Install a normal mode of superimposing and opacity of 100 %. In the document only one layer, therefore position of flag Use All Layers (to Use all layers) has no value.

6. Select a paintbrush of the average size with soft edges. That on a place of corrected defect it was not noticeable patches, it is necessary to pick up area-source correctly: with the same color, the same illuminance and etc. In this case select a fragment the closest to the torn off edge but so that at paintbrush setting in a starting point the paintbrush area was entirely allocated on a wall, without capturing edge of a basket or a breakaway line (fig. 9.10).

7. Installing the cursor on the selected place, push ALT key, and then click. Thereby you fixed center of cloned area.

8. Move the cursor on defect, push the mouse button and try to "draw" (fig. 9.11). Thus it is necessary to show certain skill to track a dagger showing a place from which the image is copied, and simultaneously to see and correctly to direct copying process.

Wall lighting changes on a vertical, to a bottom becoming more brightly. Consider it at drawing. A few drawing the selected clone, replace a cloning point. Repeat drawing and point change, yet do not paint over all torn off part of a photo. A basket yet do not touch, only draw on a place of its torn off edge a wall slice. The result from the first can turn out not shining. Try different areas round defect, there will be no yet a suitable changeover, simultaneously you acquire ease in control of the tool.

Selecting a small paintbrush with soft edges, correct by means of tool Rubber Stamp (Stamp) defects in lower the right to a photo corner if those remained after application of filter Dust and Scratches (the Dust and scratches) and delete date.

Together with tool Rubber Stamp (Stamp) is sometimes applied also tool Smudge (Finger) from group of correction of sharpness (fig. 9.6 see). Its action like spreading of the image by a finger. Try to use this tool for lowering of sharpness of a background and elimination of minor defects, for example, in right lower to an image corner.

Achieved satisfactory result, look at the image in scale 1:1. On fig. 9.12 corrected defects are shown. Save the document.

We are surrounded with the symmetric subjects — bodies of animals and the person, clothes, machines, at home, ware, furniture, etc. Halves of such subjects are under the relation to each other in mirror reflection. Therefore for recovery on the image of the lost fragment of the symmetric subject it is possible to use a mirror copy of the saved half.

1. Tool Magnetic Lasso (Magnetic лассо) select the basket left edge (fig. 9.13,), install beforehand parameter of shading 2 пиксела.

2. Copy this area in a clipboard, and then paste it by means of command Paste to (Interpose) menu Edit (Editing).

3. Command Free Transform (the Free transformation) menu Edit (Editing) include a mode of interactive transformation and then drag the side pointing device towards to the opposite side of the selected area, yet do not receive the flip image.

4. Allocate the prepared fragment on a place torn off (fig. 9.13, 6). Reduce image layers in one menu command of a palette of layers Flatten Image (to Reduce layers) and save the document.

As it was already told, the image normally subject to pitch and color correction entirely. Much less often if in the image there is a non-uniformity of lighting or other similar defects, produce correction within the selected area. However there are cases when it is necessary to change slightly tone on very small part of the image, for example, to underline features or to black out unduly bright clothes. For clarification, shading and saturation changes are used tools of Dodge (Clarification), Burn (Shading) and Sponge (Sponge). All of them are in one group of a toolbar (fig. 9.14).

Clarification produce the tool of Dodge (Clarification). In its property bar, except the list of paintbrushes, data entry field Exposure (Exposure) defining force of influence is allocated. In uncovered list Range (Interval) is set a pitch interval in which clarification will be made. If to install here parameter Shadows (Shades) at tool action shades are clarified only, and averages of tone and light sections remain without changes. Accordingly, the choice of values Midtones (tone Averages) and Highlights (Light) sets clarification in these pitch intervals.

The figure of the man on a background too dark also is badly visible (fig. 9.15,). We clarify the given section of the image.

1. Activate the tool of Dodge (Clarification), deliver value of an exposure of 20 % and install pitch interval Highlights (Light). Increase fragment scale.

2. Select for operation a suitable paintbrush (in our opinion, the paintbrush in the size 35 пикселов with dim edges approaches).

3. The tool of Dodge (Clarification) concerns the drawing. Lead it under the image. Short dabs of a paintbrush clarify the person, hands of the man, the upper part of a jacket so that it became is better visible, however "did not fall out" of a composition. Pay attention that illuminance of a figure from a head to feet amplifies. Therefore, to strengthen tool action, in the field of a head it is necessary to concern twice the same section. Save the document.